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Solving classification problems using open quantum systems: Two-qubit system plunged in a thermal reservoir

Theoretical concepts: the model and its solution Open quantum systems undergo dissipation of energy into their environment. The system under study is a two-qubit system which experiences dissipation process due to its interaction with a thermal reservoir (environment) as shown in Fig.1. In this article, the results of this research are presented. The theoretical analysis corresponding to the dynamics of […]

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Human-centred design as the way forward for organisation design and enterprise engineering

The roots of EE research can be found in the work of The Society of Enterprise Engineering, starting from a definition of enterprises as “systems of processes that can be engineered both individually and holistically” (Liles et al., 1995). In Europe, the DEMO (Dynamic Essential Modelling of Organizations) methodology has been presented as being part of the foundations of the […]

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A pilot volunteer reader program decreases delirium days in critically ill ICU patients

Delirium is a form of acute brain failure that alters mental status and affects proper memory, emotion, and behavior, developing over hours to days. Between 20-80% of ICU patients develop delirium, depending upon the tools used for diagnosis. Delirium is commonly overlooked because only 25% of delirium patients present with hyperactivity, that is, showing evidence of hallucinations and agitation. More […]

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Hopping electrons find a new route to prevent diseases

The simple act of breathing is among the most familiar ways we convert nutrients to energy – inhaling molecules of oxygen and harmlessly breathing out unwanted material. But when our usual disposal mechanisms fail, the accumulated electrons can produce the kind of toxic event that causes many diseases, including cancer. Published in PNAS, the researchers found a new escape route […]

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Can anti-cancer drugs be used as an effective therapy for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease?

Background Worldwide, around 50 million people have dementia. According to the World Health Organization reports, this number is expected to increase threefold by 2050. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, which is characterised by deterioration in cognition and behaviour. The underlying aetiopathogenesis of AD is still little understood. The amyloid plaques theory and tau hyperphosphorylation are […]

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Comparative semiotic perspectives: Designing “visual feasts” in food advertising

How semiotics work in advertising Semiotics is the study of signs, symbols, signification, and their forms of expression and content. Signs are recognisable codes or icons found in texts and visuals, with respective function to denote (represent literally) or connote (suggest meaning), the latter a relatively complex process (Crow, 2015). Semiotic analysis derives from the principle that signs bear, signify […]

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Controlling aggregation in monoclonal antibody therapeutics

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have become the most important form of protein therapeutic and represent five of the top ten selling drugs by revenue worldwide. mAbs bind monospecifically to certain cells or proteins. The objective is that this treatment will stimulate the patient’s immune system to attack those cells. Despite the many advantages of antibodies as therapeutics, their development is complicated […]

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Can minimum marriageable age laws truly prevent teenage pregnancy?

Around the world, more than a fifth of women are married before the age of 18. But, why is this significant and how does this relate to teenage pregnancy? Girls who are married before 18 are more likely to drop out of school, become victims of domestic abuse, and die from complications due to childbirth. Not only does this present […]

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Aromaticity in anions in fluorine-free ionic liquids

ILs composed of bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide (TFSI) anion with different nitrogen-based aromatic and aliphatic cations – such as imidazolium, pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, piperidinium and quaternary ammonium derivatives – are widely tested in energy storage research. The quaternary ammonium cations and their derivatives, coupled with the TFSI anion, have good electrochemical stability at room temperature, but are thermally less stable than their quaternary […]

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The Predictive Learning Study: Understanding media choices in early development

Background From the moment babies are born, they find themselves immersed in a cluttered sensory environment, where several stimuli compete for attention. Despite the ever-changing nature of this environment, babies quickly learn to filter out distracting information and prioritise certain stimuli for further processing. For example, it is not uncommon for infants as young as 10 months of age to […]