Arts & Humanities

The knowing child’s quest in contemporary American fiction

The image of an adolescent growing up and making sense of the world is a familiar icon in many cultures around the world. Yuki Namiki from Tokyo Kasei University in Japan looks at how two 21st century American novels use the trope in line with literary tradition but also depart from it to explore family relationships in contemporary society. Both […]

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Behavioural Sciences

Adaptive thinking as a heuristic in evolutionary psychology

Recently, in evolutionary psychology, many theorists have employed adaptive thinking as a heuristic as it generates hypotheses that can later be tested using the standard scientific procedure. A heuristic is a pragmatic method that, while not being complete or optimal, provides sufficient approximate results for later use. Professor Shunkichi Matsumoto of Tokai University, Tokyo focuses his research on the use […]

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Engineering & Technology

Nonoverlap proportion and the point-biserial association problem

Dr Stanley Luck, a statistics consultant and founding member of Vector Analytics LLC, has developed a novel algorithm for cloud computing technology. Dr Luck demonstrates the use of his improved CART association algorithm in a high-dimensional search problem of nursing home performance, based on the publicly accessible Nursing Home Compare (NHC) database. The results highlight the importance of constructing a […]

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Engineering & Technology

Fixing the interface for enhanced perovskite solar cell performance

With millions of people in the world still having no access to electricity, it is easy to predict that the world’s already challenging energy demands will only increase. Solar power has long presented itself as a promising renewable energy source, but the solar cells used in photovoltaics still suffer from relatively low efficiency, even when novel materials such as perovskites […]

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Arts & Humanities

Dear Mr Hume, your circle might actually be a spiral

Induction is typically understood as a process of deriving principles or laws from particular or individual instances. The Empiricist David Hume argued that such generalisations about the world cannot be justified using deduction (a logic-based method of reasoning), and that induction is in fact worthless, circular reasoning. However, Professor Uwe Saint-Mont of Nordhausen University of Applied Sciences in Germany argues […]

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Behavioural Sciences

Linking theory with social research: A philosophical and evidence-based approach

Throughout his career, Derek Layder, Emeritus Professor of Sociology at the University of Leicester, has taken a unique approach to linking theory and social research. He strongly believes that incorporating abstract philosophical ideas alongside more practical everyday issues is essential to generating theory from data and evidence. He illustrates this principle using the ‘Theory of Social Domains’, which explores human […]

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Biology

Strains of honeybee viruses provide intelligence in the battle against global bee extinction

The large-scale death of bees could culminate in an ecological and agricultural disaster. This may present as significantly reduced wild and domestic flora, as well as drastically reduced availability of various fruits, vegetables and nuts. There are several pressures on the global bee population, e.g., use of pesticides, destruction of habitat and infection with pathogen-carrying mites. Professor Ivan Toplak, an […]

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Health & Medicine

Exploring a novel approach to lung cancer treatment

Lung cancer, just like other types of cancer, is mostly treatable when diagnosed in the earliest stages. Treatments mainly include chemotherapy and surgeries such as sublobar resection and lobectomy. The thoracic surgical team led by Dr Calvin Ng at Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, have successfully applied a novel approach to lung cancer treatment. They […]

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Engineering & Technology

Superellipses to Superformula: The impact of Gielis Transformations

Devised to describe botanical shapes by Dr Johan Gielis, visiting Professor at the University of Antwerp, the Superformula has found applications across many areas of mathematics, science and technology. Dr Gielis’ single equation, which provides a unified description of abstract, natural and man-made shapes, from triangles to spirals, has now been tested on more than 50,000 specimens, and his original […]

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Earth & Environment

Neuron-less knowledge processing in forests

Dr Aviv Segev, Professor at the University of South Alabama, is researching the knowledge-related activity of forests. While trees do not have neurons, they can build a communication network, and Dr Segev analyses their use of the resources needed for survival. This study demonstrates that neuron-like relations occur in a forest knowledge-processing system. Results demonstrate that trees use mechanisms analogous […]

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